Daily Saint

St. Felicitas of Rome

c. 101 – c. 165


Patron Saint of parents who have lost a child in death, martyrs, widows

St. Felicitas of Rome

St. Felicitas of Rome, a wealthy widow, was deeply devoted to her Christian faith during Christian persecutions in the 2nd century. Her story of tragedy and injustice underscores the courage and faith lived out by early Christians.

St. Felicitas was a wealthy widow who lived by her Christian values. She assisted the poor through charitable works and provided support for the Christian community in Rome. Her bold witness and influence won converts to the Christian faith. But it was her refusal to sacrifice to the pagan gods that infuriated the pagan priests, who reported her to the Emperor. They claimed that the Roman Gods would remove their favor from Rome in anger if St. Felicitas and her sons did not sacrifice to them.

She was summoned before pagan authorities and ordered to sacrifice to the Roman gods. When she refused, her seven sons—Januarius, Felix, Philip, Silvanus, Alexander, Vitalis, and Martialis—were also brought forward and pressured to deny Christ, which led to the family’s martyrdom.

One after another, each of her sons chose to die rather than abandon the faith their mother had given them. And with each execution, St. Felicitas was asked to renounce her faith, but she refused.  Finally, St. Felicitas herself was martyred. She is honored for her fortitude in the face of persecution and her devotion and unwavering faith in God, which she instilled in her sons.

Devotion to St. Felicitas and her sons spread quickly throughout the Church. Their heroic martyrdom was honored in the 2nd century, and their names appear in ancient liturgical calendars.

St. Felicitas’ story reminds us that the cost of discipleship sometimes demands great sacrifice, but God’s grace provides the courage to endure.

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Were St. Felicitas and her sons buried together?

St. Felicitas’ sons were buried in four different Roman cemeteries. She was buried near her son Silvanus in the catacombs of Maximus. According to tradition, St. Felicitas and her sons were separated and delivered over to four different judges, who sentenced them to be executed in varied ways. Having four judges involved in the process could account for the four burial sites.

Why don’t St. Felicitas and her sons share the same feast day?

St. Felicitas of Rome’s feast day is on November 23, and her sons’ feast day is on July 10. These different dates were historically part of the Roman Catholic Church’s liturgical calendar. St. Felicitas’ tomb in the Cemetery of Maximus was venerated from a very early date. While tradition identifies the seven martyrs as St. Felicitas’ sons, their veneration may have been designated for a different date early in history. Also, it is believed that St. Felicitas’ execution did not happen on the same day as that of her sons, accounting for the varying burial sites and resulting in separate feast days.

How were the sons of St. Felicitas executed?

There are no official records of how they died. However, according to tradition, the executioners scourged Januarius to death with a whip, beat Felix and Philip with clubs, threw Silvanus off a cliff, and beheaded Alexander, Vitalis, and Martials.

Why did the pagan priests report St. Felicitas to the Emperor?

As a wealthy and pious Christian who actively practiced her faith through charitable works, St. Felicitas converted many people to Christianity. The pagan priests accused St. Felicitas of challenging pagan authority, offending the pagan gods, and bringing divine wrath upon Rome. Her devotion to Christianity was seen as disloyalty to Rome and its spiritual traditions.

The pagan priests also wanted to stop the flow of converts to Christianity, which caused them to lose funding from sacrificial offerings to their gods. They believed that if they could get influential Christians like St. Felicitas to deny their faith, they could stop the conversions to Christianity. Instead, the powerful witness of St. Felicitas and her sons increased Christian conversions.

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